321 stainless steel is an austenitic chromium-nickel steel alloyed with titanium. It is known for its excellent resistance to intergranular corrosion, high temperature stability, and strength. The addition of titanium allows it to maintain integrity in chromium carbide forming conditions, such as prolonged exposure to high temperatures. 321 stainless steel pipes are ideal for applications with temperatures up to 900°C, particularly in cyclic conditions. They are widely used in aerospace structural components, chemical processing equipment, exhaust manifolds, and expansion joints. This grade is also favored in the automotive and thermal power generation industries due to its superior high-temperature characteristics.